Resumen
(LGB) las personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales pueden tener un mayor riesgo de trastornos mentales que las personas heterosexuales.
Método
Se realizó una revisión sistemática y un meta-análisis de la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales, el abuso de sustancias, suicidio, ideación suicida y autoagresión deliberada en las personas LGB. Se hicieron búsquedas en: Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cinahl, the Cochrane Library Database, the Web of Knowledge, the Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Sociological Abstracts, the Campbell Collaboration and grey literature databases para artículos publicados entre Enero de 1966 hasta Abril del 2005. También utilizamos Google y Google Scholar y en caso necesario se contactó con autores. Se realizaron búsquedas en todos los términos relacionados con las personas homosexuales, lesbianas y bisexuales y todos los términos relacionados con los trastornos mentales, el suicidio y la autoagresión deliberada. Se incluyeron los artículos sobre estudios de base poblacional que contenían grupos de comparación concurrentes heterosexuales y definición válida de la orientación sexual y los resultados de salud mental.
Resultados
De 13 706 trabajos identificados, se seleccionaron inicialmente 476 y 28 (25 estudios) cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Sólo un estudio cumplió todos nuestros cuatro criterios de calidad y de siete, tres de estos criterios cumplido. Los datos fueron extraídos de 214.344 personas heterosexuales y 11.971 no heterosexuales. Los Meta-análisis revelaron un exceso de pliegue en dos intentos de suicidio en personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales [cociente de riesgos agrupado de riesgo de por vida de 2.47 (IC 1.87, 3.28)]. El riesgo para la depresión y los trastornos de ansiedad (más de un período de 12 meses o toda la vida) en los metanálisis fueron al menos 1,5 veces mayor en las personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (intervalo RR 1,54 a 2,58) y el alcohol y otra dependencia de sustancias durante 12 mes también fue de 1,5 veces mayor (RR rango 1,51-4,00). Los resultados fueron similares en ambos sexos, pero los metaanálisis revelaron que las mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales estaban particularmente en riesgo de dependencia de sustancias (alcohol 12 meses: RR 4,00, IC 2.85, 5.61; drogodependencia: RR 3,50, IC 1.87, 6.53, y cualquier trastorno por consumo de sustancias RR 3,42, IC 1,97 a 5,92), mientras que la prevalencia de vida de intento de suicidio fue especialmente alto en los hombres homosexuales y bisexuales (RR 4.28, IC 2.32, 7.88).
Conclusión
Las personas LGB están en mayor riesgo de trastorno mental, ideas de suicidio, abuso de sustancias, y el daño autoinfligido deliberado más que las personas heterosexuales.
Una revisión sistemática de trastorno mental, el suicidio y la autoagresión deliberada en las personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales
Michael King , 1, 2 Joanna Semlyen , 1 Sharon Ver Tai , 3 Helen Killaspy , 1, 2 David Osborn , 1, 2 Dmitri Popelyuk , 1 yIrwin Nazaret 3, 4
Fuente
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2533652/
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